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★ North Carolina · medical negligence

Medical negligence settlements
in North Carolina.

By Reviewed by Abd Shanti, Founder9 min read

North Carolina caps pain and suffering in malpractice cases, and in 2025 its Court of Appeals upheld the cap against a jury trial challenge after a $7.5 million verdict fell to $656,730. Months later the Supreme Court enforced the four year repose limit in a case about a 14 year old’s spine surgery.

Facts that decide a medical negligence claim in North Carolina

Malpractice capNoneconomic damages in malpractice cases are capped. The cap began at $500,000 in 2011, resets every three years with inflation, and was $656,730 in Mohebali v. Hayes. It does not apply when the jury finds a permanent injury caused by gross negligence.N.C.G.S. § 90-21.19, as quoted in Mohebali v. Hayes (N.C. Ct. App. 2025)
Statute of repose“[I]n no event shall an action be commenced more than four years from the last act of the defendant giving rise to the cause of action.”N.C.G.S. § 1-15(c), as quoted in Cottle v. Mankin (N.C. 2025)
Cap and the jury rightThe cap does not violate the right to a jury trial under the state constitution.Mohebali v. Hayes (N.C. Ct. App. 2025)
Fault ruleContributory negligence: if your own carelessness helped cause the harm, you recover nothing. The Supreme Court applied the rule again in 2025.Moseley v. Hendricks (N.C. 2025)
★ NC · reported medical negligence outcomes

What North Carolina courts have awarded.

Real North Carolina decisions and verdicts, each linked to the court record or official report.

  • North Carolina Court of Appeals · 2025
    $7,500,000 verdict reduced to $656,730; affirmed

    Dr. Hayes planned a home birth for his patient and told her not to worry as her pregnancy went past 43 weeks, even as she developed fever and intense pain. Her baby died before delivery. Unknown to her, in 2015 he had signed a Medical Board consent order admitting substandard care of four patients whose babies died, and agreeing to refer any patient reaching 42 weeks. The jury awarded $7,500,000 for noneconomic damages, the judge reduced it to the cap, and the Court of Appeals affirmed; she had not argued the gross negligence exception.

  • Supreme Court of North Carolina · 2025
    Negligent retention claim barred

    In 2010, when Brittany Cottle was 14, an orthopedist at Raleigh Orthopaedic Clinic performed spine surgery and a fusion although an MRI showed only minimal disc desiccation. The family alleged the clinic kept him on despite colleagues’ warnings. They sued in 2017, more than four years after her last surgery in 2012. The Supreme Court held the claim against the clinic was a medical malpractice action and barred by the repose statute, calling the facts “deeply troubling.”

★ NC · medical negligence · in practice

What changes the number here.

What actually moves a medical negligence settlement in North Carolina.

  1. 1

    Plead and prove gross negligence where the facts support it. The cap does not apply to a permanent injury caused by gross negligence, and Mohebali never argued that exception.

  2. 2

    Watch the four year repose clock from the last treatment, not from when you learn what happened. Cottle’s claim against the clinic was lost on timing.

  3. 3

    Claims against the practice that let a doctor keep operating are still malpractice claims, with the same limits.

★ NC · statute of limitations
3 years from date of injury

N.C. Gen. Stat. § 1-52

★ NC · fault rule
Pure contributory negligence

Pure contributory negligence, 1% claimant fault bars recovery. North Carolina retains the rule by judicial decision and has resisted legislative repeal.

★ NC · caps

What caps recovery.

Statutory caps that may bear on a medical negligence settlement in North Carolina.

★ medical negligence · same region & fault regime

Compare to like jurisdictions.

How North Carolina's fault rule and limitation period compare to jurisdictions in the same US region and to those running the same fault rule for medical negligence claims.

JurisdictionFault ruleLimitationMedical negligence page
North Carolina · you are herePure contributory negligence3 years from date of injury—
South CarolinaModified comparative, 51% bar3 years from date of injurySC · medical negligence →
TennesseeModified comparative, 50% bar1 year from date of injury, among the shortest in the USTN · medical negligence →
TexasModified comparative, 51% bar2 years from date of injuryTX · medical negligence →
VirginiaPure contributory negligence2 years from date of injuryVA · medical negligence →
West VirginiaModified comparative, 51% bar2 years from date of injuryWV · medical negligence →
AlabamaPure contributory negligence2 years from date of injuryAL · medical negligence →
District of ColumbiaPure contributory negligence3 years from date of injuryDC · medical negligence →
MarylandPure contributory negligence3 years from date of injuryMD · medical negligence →
North DakotaModified comparative, 50% bar6 years for personal injury; 2 years for medical malpracticeND · medical negligence →
OhioModified comparative, 51% bar2 years from date of injuryOH · medical negligence →
OklahomaModified comparative, 51% bar2 years from date of injuryOK · medical negligence →
OregonModified comparative, 51% bar2 years from date of injuryOR · medical negligence →
★ NC · medical negligence · frequently asked

Common questions.

Each answer is independently coherent and references the relevant statute or authority document.

★ editorial note

Figures on this page are not quotes for any specific case. For representation, consult an attorney admitted in North Carolina. See /methodology, /sources, and /disclaimer.